Path Sovereignty: measurement and theory¶
The thread that builds and measures the object: a 49-category dependency graph of the European digital stack, the formal calculus computed on it, the taxonomy of influence channels, and the dynamics of firm capture. Every number is reproducible from the project's verify/ scripts and sourced datasets.
Path Sovereignty: Dependence, Control, and Options in the European Digital Stack¶
The flagship. Two objectives hide under one word: keeping data out of foreign legal reach (a security question, served by certifications with three prices attached: scope, enforcement, compliance cost) and strategic autonomy (an economic one). The paper characterizes autonomy as a property of option sets, priced by breadth, exit cost, and half-life, then measures it at two resolutions: the full 49-category map (exposure composes along paths; US law reaches 14 categories; beneath everyone sits an Asian, commercial floor) and a supplier-level deep dive on three layers with adversarially verified evidence. Policy instruments are sorted by the layers where each has a case. Companion explainer: Is your "sovereign cloud" actually sovereign?
Cuts and Options: A Theory of Strategic Autonomy in Production Networks¶
The theory. Two dual quantities on AND/OR production structures: the coercion number (the smallest coalition able to cut every way of operating) and the option number (the largest family of ways of operating that share no controller). The central theorem: system-wide diversification can sit strictly below every per-layer supplier count, so certification of the form regulation actually uses cannot certify the system answer. Computed on the measured stack: every European buyer has coercion number one, and the public-sector buyer passes a per-layer two-suppliers test everywhere while its true option number is one. Companion explainer: Who could switch off Europe's digital economy?
Channels of Power in Production Networks¶
The taxonomy. Fifteen channels in three families through which one actor moves another: six that act on operations today, three that rewrite who exists and who owns, and six quiet ones that act on what buyers consider, believe, and know how to do. The formal thesis: consideration capture becomes feasibility collapse, because unexercised options decay. Each channel carries its mechanism, observables, measurement status, and literature anchor; the schema is domain-portable. Companion explainer: Nobody denied you anything.
Sovereignty as a Flow: Capture and the Durability of European Technology¶
The dynamics evidence. A firm's nationality is a snapshot of a liquid cap table. On a registry of 33 documented exits and a defined universe of 125 prominent European technology firms: a governance lock is associated with staying European in 89 percent of resolved cases against 55 without, and no locked firm was acquired against its will. Locks, capital-market depth, and forkable commons are the structural instruments; the association is documented with its mechanism, and identification is honestly left open. Companion explainer: Why Europe keeps losing the tech champions it grows.